Kyoung-Yeol Kim, Bruce E. Logan

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy • 2019

Jack R. Ambler, Bruce E. Logan

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy • 2011

Nivedhan K .

International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology • 2014

AKM Khabirul Islam

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy • 2024

Ryan C. Tice, Younggy Kim

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy • 2014

Abhijeet P. Borole, Jonathan R. Mielenz

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy • 2011

[object Object]

International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research • 2019

Young H. Park, Edward Park, Geoffrey Smith

Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects • 2023

Lin Liu, Seokheun Choi

Journal of Power Sources • 2017

Babu Indira Bijimol, Chanassery Vinayababu Geethanjali, Sheik Muhammadhu Aboobakar Shibli

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments • 2025

Svitlana Нnatush, Olha Maslovska, Tetyana Sehin et al.

Ecological Questions • 2019

Yang Gao, Jihyun Ryu, Lin Liu et al.

Biosensors and Bioelectronics • 2020

Yong Xiao, Geng Chen, Zheng Chen et al.

Biosensors and Bioelectronics • 2021

Fatima-Zahra Ait-Itto, James A. Behan, Mathieu Martinez et al.

Bioelectrochemistry • 2024

Yu Lu, Li Liu, Shaosong Wu et al.

AMB Express • 2019

Asmita Genge, Ranjana Khade,

International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development • 2019

Qusay Jaffer, K. GHANAPRIYA

Journal of Engineering • 2023

The aim of research is to show the effect of Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3) on the electricity production and wastewater treatment, since 2.5% of Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3) (heated and non heated) nanoparticles has been used. Characterization of nanoparticles was done using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scan Electron Microscopy (SEM). The influence of acidity was also studied on both wastewater treatmenton the Chemical Oxygen demand (COD) and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and voltage output was studied. From the results, it was infused that the dosage of 0.025 g/l and an initial pH 7 were founded to be optimum for the effective degradation of effluents. The results concluded that the treatment of anaerobic sludge wastewater using Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3) in combination with microbialmfuel cell technology is an efficient method for the treatment of anaerobic sludge wastewater.

Ranjit Gurav, Shashi Kant Bhatia, Tae-Rim Choi et al.

Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) • 2018

Incessant depletion of non-renewable energy sources has gained attention to search for new biological systems to transform organic biomass into electricity using microbial fuel cell (MFC). The main approach of the existing study was to develop a single step process to produce electrical energy from underutilized chitin biomass. Halophilic bacterium Bacillus circulans BBL03 isolated from anodic biofilm showed higher electricity production (26.508 μAcm2) in a natural seawater medium fed with 1.0% chitin. Maximum chitinase activity (94.24 ± 4.2 U mL-1) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) production (136.30 ± 2.8 mg g-1 chitin) were achieved at 48 h. Prominent metabolites detected in chitin hydrolysis were lactate, formate, acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Furthermore, cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies revealed the possibility of direct electron transfer by anodic biofilm to anode without any external redox mediators. Polarization and coulombic efficiency (CE) analysis showed maximum power density (PD) 1.742 mWcm2 and 47% CE using 1% chitin as a substrate. Alteration in crystallinity and functional group on chitin were analysed using FTIR and XRD. Therefore, natural seawater-chitin powered MFCs could be a cheap asset for longer electricity production.

Erhan ÖZKAN

International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry • 2023

In this article, details for the increasing properties with the help of 3D printer assisted technique of a material produced by classical sand mould casting method through a technological transformation were presented. At the same time, digital transformation studies were included with the development of online data monitoring systems in mass production. After the design studies were carried out with Solidworks, design verification research with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element analysis (FEA) have been realized. Solidification, filling-time-temperature analyses, and casting simulation studies of micro and macro shrinkage were carried out using the Anycasting simulation program. Then the intensive use of simulation techniques, the activities that would increase the quality of the product with 3D printers were detailed. The microstructure investigation, chemical analyses, and mechanical tests were performed to prove the positive effect of the 3D printing system. Surface morphology determination results showed that the better outcomes have been obtained from the 3D printing reinforced system. Finally, a unique data monitoring system that could communicate with production equipment for the first time in our country without the need for any external software and license, within the scope of digital industrialization system were explained. With the commissioning of the 3D system, 44.2% increase in efficiency and 33% improvement in quality rates were achieved. The biggest advantage of this system is that the total amount of energy consumed was reduced from 197 mJ to 81 mJ.

Erman ZURNACI

International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry • 2023

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), one of the most widely used methods of Additive Manufacturing Technique known as 3D Printing, is a popular technique used to produce different engineering components using common engineering polymers. PLA filament, a synthetic polymer derived from corn starch, is generally used in production with the FDM. Although PLA material is recyclable and biodegradable, its carbon emission is not zero. One of the filament types developed to produce more sustainable products is Wood PLA filament materials. This study presents an experimental study examining the effect of printing parameters on the mechanical properties of components produced with Wood PLA filaments. The effects of the printing parameters determined as infill pattern, infill density and nozzle temperature on the mechanical strength parameter determined as tensile strength and bending strength of PLA Wood samples produced in standard sizes were investigated experimentally. The experimental design was carried out in accordance with the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, and the relationship between the printing parameters and the mechanical strength parameters was modelled mathematically. The estimated strength values calculated using mathematical models were compared with the experimental test results. The results showed that the tensile strength and flexural strength values were directly proportional to the infill density. Experiments have shown that the most effective 3D printing parameter on the mechanical strength parameters is the infill density parameter with a contribution ratio of 63.09% for tensile strength and 73.83% for flexural strength.

Oliver Grimaldo Ruiz, Yasin Dhaher

3D Printing in Medicine • 2021

Abstract Objective This study reports on a new method for the development of multi-color and multi-material realistic Knee Joint anatomical models with unique features. In particular, the design of a fibers matrix structure that mimics the soft tissue anatomy. Methods Various Computer-Aided Design (CAD) systems and the PolyJet 3D printing were used in the fabrication of three anatomical models wherein fibers matrix structure is mimicked: (i) Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) model used in the previous study. (ii) ACL-R model, incorporating orientations, directions, locations, and dimensions of the tunnels, as well as a custom-made surgical guide (SG) for avoiding graft tunnel length mismatch. (iii) Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) model, including custom-made implants. Before models 3D printing, uni-axial tensile tests were conducted to obtain the mechanical behaviors for individual No. 1 (A60-A50), No. 2 (A50-A50), No. 3 (A50-A40), and No. 4 (A70-A60) soft tissue-mimicking polymers. Each material combination represents different shore-hardness values between fiber and matrix respectively. Results We correlated the pattern of stress-strain curves in the elastic region, stiffness, and elastic modulus of proposed combinations with published literature. Accordingly, material combinations No. 1 and No. 4 with elastic modules of 0.76-1.82 MPa were chosen for the soft tissues 3D printing. Finally, 3D printing Knee Joint models were tested manually simulating 50 flexo-extension cycles without presenting ruptures. Conclusion The proposed anatomical models offer a diverse range of applications. These may be considered as an alternative to replacing cadaver specimens for medical training, pre-operative planning, research and education purposes, and predictive models validation. The soft tissue anatomy-mimicking materials are strong enough to withstand the stretching during the flexo-extension. The methodology reported for the design of the fiber-matrix structure might be considered as a start to develop new patterns and typologies that may mimic soft tissues.

Bengi Yilmaz, Bilge Yilmaz Kara

3D Printing in Medicine • 2022

Abstract Background Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a method applied to build a 3D object of any shape from a digital model, and it provides crucial advantages especially for transferring patient-specific designs to clinical settings. The main purpose of this study is to introduce the newly designed complex airway stent models that are created through mathematical functions and manufactured with 3D printing for implementation in real life. Methods A mathematical modeling software (MathMod) was used to design five different airway stents. The highly porous structures with designated scales were fabricated by utilizing a stereolithography-based 3D printing technology. The fine details in the microstructure of 3D printed parts were observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical properties of airway stents with various designs and porosity were compared by compression test. Results The outputs of the mathematical modeling software were successfully converted into 3D printable files and airway stents with a porosity of more than 85% were 3D printed. SEM images revealed the layered topography of high-resolution 3D printed parts. Compression tests have shown that the mathematical function-based design offers the opportunity to adjust the mechanical strength of airway stents without changing the material or manufacturing method. Conclusions A novel approach, which includes mathematical function-based design and 3D printing technology, is proposed in this study for the fabrication of airway stents as a promising tool for future treatments of central airway pathologies.

Asia Saad, Hiram Ndiritu, Meshack Hawi

Journal of Advance Research in Electrical & Electronics Engineering (ISSN 2208-2395) • 2025

This study aims to reveal firm size and leverage on tax avoidance in the Consumer Goods Industry Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018. The method used in this study is explanatory. This research was conducted on data in the form of financial statements. To analyze the research data, multiple linear regression analysis was used. Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis, it shows that firm size has no influence on tax avoidance in the Consumer Goods Industry Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018. Leverage influence tax avoidance in the Consumer Goods Industry Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018

Amogh Gyaneshwar, Senthil Kumaran Selvaraj, Turusha Ghimire et al.

Engineering Research Express • 2022

Abstract Tomorrow is a technology for Microbial fuel cells (MFC). It has attracted numerous studies for the continuous development of cell efficiency since the problem of the coming era can be resolved. Implementing artificial learning and machine learning is a change that can effectively achieve the goals. A microbial fuel cell is a complex non-linear procedure that preferably requires a strategy that is not a linear control strategy for the most favorable outcome. The practical and feasible ways to tackle non-linearity existing in the Microbial Fuel Cell, instead of making a computationally tedious and heavy non-linear control strategy a superior single linear model or scheduling or multiple model-oriented control techniques. Machine learning and Artificial Intelligence help reduce computation and model costs. It saves time and is more efficient than previously used manual methods, which are now obsolete. In order to find the most accurate results, the study would compare all currently available research efforts and focus on implementing Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning concepts within the Microbial Fuel Cell and comparison with other fuel cells.

Hanatsu Nagano, Maria Prokofieva, Clement Ogugua Asogwa et al.

Applied Sciences • 2024

Tripping is the largest cause of falls, and low swing foot ground clearance during the mid-swing phase, particularly at the critical gait event known as Minimum Foot Clearance (MFC), is the major risk factor for tripping-related falls. Intervention strategies to increase MFC height can be effective if applied in real-time based on feed-forward prediction. The current study investigated the capability of machine learning models to classify the MFC into various categories using toe-off kinematics data. Specifically, three MFC sub-categories (less than 1.5 cm, between 1.5 and 2.0 cm, and higher than 2.0 cm) were predicted to apply machine learning approaches. A total of 18,490 swing phase gait cycles’ data were extracted from six healthy young adults, each walking for 5 min at a constant speed of 4 km/h on a motorized treadmill. K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest, and XGBoost were utilized for prediction based on the data from toe-off for five consecutive frames (0.025 s duration). Foot kinematics data were obtained from an inertial measurement unit attached to the mid-foot, recording tri-axial linear accelerations and angular velocities of the local coordinate. KNN, Random Forest, and XGBoost achieved 84%, 86%, and 75% accuracy, respectively, in classifying MFC into the three sub-categories with run times of 0.39 s, 13.98 s, and 170.98 s, respectively. The KNN-based model was found to be more effective if incorporated into an active exoskeleton as the intelligent system to control MFC based on the preceding gait event, i.e., toe-off, due to its quicker computation time. The machine learning-based prediction model shows promise for the prediction of critical MFC data, indicating higher tripping risk.

Unknown Author

Jurnal Pendidikan Bitara UPSI • 2023

Green technology can be described as the use of environmental science to conserve resources and the natural environment as well as control negative impacts on human daily activities. In order to inculcate students’ interest in environmental issues, many initiatives have been taken, including the implementation of a green technology syllabus into the current Biology curriculum. Students should also have a better understanding of green technology as early as possible because this approach is very important in curbing negative human activities on earth. The purpose of this paper is to provide information related to environmental education, education for sustainable development, and a new approach of green technology, which is Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). In line with the transformation of the Biology curriculum, MFC has the potential to be integrated into the Biology curriculum, since it is very useful to educate students and increase their interest in environmental education. This is due to environmental problems that arise globally, including climate change and global warming; but the knowledge among the community is still at a low level. Additionally, the current Biology curriculum focuses on environmental sustainability, which is connected to the implementation of green technology. Hence, MFC is one of the green technology approaches that can be used to educate students and increase their knowledge about environmental education.

Zhuolin Han

Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology • 2022

With the development of economics, water pollution is becoming increasingly serious, and the existing sewage treatment technology has high energy consumption. Therefore, the development of low energy consumption, safe and environmental protection technology is the trend of in further. Microbial fuel cell (MFC), as an emerging comprehensive technical method for wastewater disposal, shows great application prospects. In this work, the working principle and function of different types of MFC, the application of MFC in sewage treatment field, and the shortcomings of MFC devices to be perfected in the market are discussed.

S. Jha, P. Sharma, A. Prakash

Research Journal of Biotechnology • 2023

There is global crisis due to fuel depletion and environmental pollution. The dependency on fossils for fuels is unsustainable due to its finite nature, so researchers are studying alternative sources of energy that are renewable in nature. A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is the device used to generate energy by converting chemical energy into electrical energy by the series of catalytic reactions of anaerobic microorganisms. Recently MFC are in the developing phase due to the use of biodegradable substances for fuel. Not only does it produce electricity but it has many other applications as well like wastewater treatment, biohydrogen production and biosensors. It is based on various parameters and has several configurations for the higher energy output. This review studies about MFCs history, working, types, components, designs, factors affecting the MFCs, applications and its future scope.

Bhavesh R. Patel

Journal of Electrical Systems • 2024

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a promising alternative to generate electricity from wastewater. MFCs need an efficient control system to get the optimal output voltage. The present study proposes an integral backstepping controller for the two-compartment microbial fuel cell. The complex higher-order transfer function of MFC is reduced using the approximation method. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is validated in MATLAB/Simulink simulation environment. The performance of the proposed controller is compared with the classical PID controller. The proposed controller's performance outweighs the PID controller.

Jia Liu, Jin Huang, Jinzhi Hu

Thermal Science • 2020

The paper tests the changes in the pH value of the anolyte and catholyte. The 3-D multi-phase 3-D multi-current conductivity values analyze the electricity generation process and energy utilization of the microbial fuel cell (AMFC) and provide a theory for improving the AMFC following the performance. The test results show that with the operation of AMFC, the pH value of the anolyte and the 3-D multi-flow conductivity show a downward trend, the pH value of the catholyte and the 3-D multi-flow conductivity show an upward trend, and the ratio of the pH value of the catholyte the pH value of the anolyte is about 0.30-0.50 higher, and the average 3-D multi-current conductivity of the anolyte and catholyte does not change much. When AMFC operates stably, the internal ohmic resistance is 29.69 ?, the limiting current is 2.69 mA, the maximum output power is about 0.8 mW, and the corre?sponding internal resistance is about 95.72 ?. The mass transmission of potassium ferricyanide is the limiting factor of limiting current. Numerical analysis of 3-D multi-phase flow found that other microorganisms consume 91.1% of the glucose in AMFC anolyte, and only 8.9% of the glucose is used for power generation. The 88.5% of the energy of the glucose used for power generation is converted into other forms of energy, only 11.5% of the energy is converted into electricity.

Tunc Catal, Hong Liu

EUCHEMBIOJ Reviews • 2024

The degree of civilization exhibited by a society is largely determined by its reliance on energy, and as traditional energy sources such as fossil fuels become scarcer, new technologies will be required to secure sustainable energy. Microbial fuel cell technology is one of the most creative ways to meet humanity's energy demands because it can generate electrical energy from carbon sources. The framework of the limitations limiting the dissemination of this technology has been used to explore in depth new designs and configurations that have been produced recently. Future developments and current applications of this technology in bioremediation investigations are explored. The use of microbial fuel cell technology as a microbial biosensor for the identification of environmental contaminants is particularly significant. However, for a clean and sustainable ecosystem, it is imperative to disclose the challenges associated with the future adoption of this technology.

Chengcai Fu, Fengying Ma

Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering • 2019

Due to the extensive application prospects on wastewater treatment and new energy development, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have gained more and more attention by many scholars all over the world. The bioelectrochemical reaction in MFC system is highly complex, serious nonlinear and time-delay dynamic process, in which the optimal control of electrochemical parameters is still a considerable challenge. A new optimal control scheme for MFC system which combines proportional integral derivative (PID) controller with parameters fuzzy optional algorithm and cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) neural network was proposed. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control scheme has rapider response, better control effect and stronger anti-interference ability than Fuzzy PID controller by taking constant voltage output of MFC under the different load disturbances as example.

Benjamin Korth, Thomas Maskow, Cristian Picioreanu et al.

Energy & Environmental Science • 2015

Microbes shoveling electrons heat up: combining calorimetry with microbial electrochemistry allows deciphering heat fluxes of electroactive microorganisms.

Federico Poli, Jacopo Seri, Carlo Santoro et al.

ChemElectroChem • 2020

Abstract Invited for this month's cover picture is the group of Dr. Francesca Soavi (Laboratory of Electrochemistry of Materials for Energetics, Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna). The cover picture shows a microbial fuel cell connected in parallel with a supercapacitor. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201901876 .

Long Zhang, Ray H. Baughman, Yongsheng Chen

ECS Meeting Abstracts • 2019

Low energy density of energy storage devices such as supercapacitors 1-5 and thermocells 6 has always been a problem to be solved urgently, which is due to the low specific surface area and low density of the electrode materials. The graphene based materials with high surface area have successfully increased the energy density of energy storage devices, but the density of graphene materials is still low, which leads to low energy density based on the weight of the whole devices. Currently most efforts have been focused on increasing the specific surface area of graphene materials, instead of increasing the density of graphene. Herein, we have successfully synthesized graphene based materials with both high specific surface area and density. Phenolic precursors were in-situ polymerized on the surface of graphene 3D network through the hydrothermal reaction. The mass ratio between the phenolic precursors and graphene oxide was varied from 1:4 to 1:100. The results indicated that when the mass ratio between the phenolic resin precursor and graphene oxide is 1:16, graphene based 3D cross-linked nano-composites with high density can be realized. The corresponding specific surface area is 700 m 2 /g and the density is 0.55 g/cm 3 ; Chemical activation by using activation agents to the as-prepared products was performed for the further increasing of the surface area. Different activation agents such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and potassium carbonate were used, in which the chemical activation effect is the best for potassium hydroxide is the best. The optimal mass ratio between potassium hydroxide and Intermediate products ratio is 4:1, while the optimized activation temperature is 900 o C. The optimized graphene based materials have the specific surface area up to 3000 m 2 /g and the density about 0.5 g/cm 3 , which was used as the electrode materials for supercapacitors and thermocells 3,6 . Supercapacitors based on our materials exhibited a high energy density of 90 wh/kg in organic electrolyte, which is much higher than 54 wh/kg for supercapacitors based on the commercial activated carbon. Thermocells based on our materials achieved a output power of 12 W/m 2 , which is also much higher than 2 W/m 2 for thermocells based on the traditional carbon materials. This project provides a key material for energy storage devices to achieve high energy density and output power. Furthermore, it will strongly promote the research and development of supercapacitors and thermocells for their application in the area of small ignition device and harvesting the low-grade and wasted thermal energy. Reference: (1) Long Zhang ; Xi Yang; Fan Zhang; Guankui Long; Tengfei Zhang; Kai Leng; Yawei Zhang; Yi Huang; Yanfeng Ma; Mingtao Zhang; Yongsheng Chen*. Controlling the effective surface area and pore size distribution of sp(2) carbon materials and their impact on the capacitance performance of these materials. J Am Chem Soc 2013 , 135 , 5921-5929. (2) Fang Yang; Duo Tang; Tengfei Zhang; Wenzhi Qin; Yongsheng Chen; Liang Wang; Jun Wang; Haibin Zhang; Yi Li; Long Zhang* . A free-standing laser energy converter based on energetic graphene oxide for enhanced photothermic ignition. J Mater Chem A 2018 , 6 , 13761-13768. (3) Long Zhang ; Fan Zhang; Xi Yang; Guankui Long; Yingpeng Wu; Tengfei Zhang; Kai Leng; Yi Huang; Yanfeng Ma; Ao Yu; Yongsheng Chen*. Porous 3D graphene based bulk materials with exceptional high surface area and excellent conductivity for supercapacitors. Sci Rep 2013 , 3 , 1408. (4) Long Zhang ; Fan Zhang; Xi Yang; Kai Leng; Yi Huang; Yongsheng Chen*. High-performance supercapacitor electrode materials prepared from various pollens. Small 2013 , 9 , 1342-1347. (5) Long Zhang ; Jiajie Liang; Yi Huang; Yanfeng Ma; Yan Wang; Yongsheng Chen*. Size-controlled synthesis of graphene oxide sheets on a large scale using chemical exfoliation. Carbon 2009 , 47 , 3365-3368. (6) Long Zhang ; Taewoo Kim; Na Li; Tae June Kang; Jun Chen; Jennifer M. Pringle; Mei Zhang; Ali H. Kazim; Shaoli Fang; Carter Haines; Danah Al-Masri; Baratunde A. Cola; Joselito M. Razal; Jiangtao Di; Stephen Beirne; Douglas R. MacFarlane; Anuncia Gonzalez-Martin; Sibi Mathew; Yong Hyup Kim; Gordon Wallace; Ray H. Baughman*. High Power Density Electrochemical Thermocells for Inexpensively Harvesting Low-Grade Thermal Energy. Adv Mater 2017 , 1605652-n/a. Figure 1

Mario Vukotić, Damijan Miljavec

IET Electric Power Applications • 2015

This study presents a novel approach to the design process of a permanent‐magnet flux‐modulated machine by simultaneously focusing on the machine major advantage and disadvantage, that is, the high torque density and low power factor. The machine can be designed with a high power factor while retaining the high torque density. To do so, they both need to be described precisely. The torque equation is improved by considering the stator‐winding leakage flux. It determines the relation between the geometric parameters and the torque more accurately. The power‐factor equation is derived from the electric equivalent circuit representing the simplest description of the machine. The machine geometry optimised with the design of experiments via Taguchi methods assures the best possible performance within the set limitations. It is shown that using the proposed design process makes the permanent‐magnet flux‐modulated machine more appropriate than the classical synchronous machine for the direct drive applications requiring a high torque density, low weight and high efficiency.

Agus Sunandar, Dharsono Dharsono

ARTISTIC : International Journal of Creation and Innovation • 2020

Malang Flower Carnaval (MFC) which has worldwide, the results of the creation of these activities have been staged in various countries in the world. MFC has successfully entered the COE (Calender of Event) of the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism 3 times. The existence of this event supports and strengthens the predicate of Malang City as a Creative City in Indonesia. This success is interesting to do a study of how the fashion creativity that has been created from the MFC. This study uses a qualitative approach specifically Roland Barthes's fashion function theory and Edmund Burke Feldman's function theory of art. The results of the study showed that the creativity of the carnival dress appeared in the visualization of the shape of hair such as temples, gold ornaments, ornamental elements, and body gestures that symbolized the beauty of local dance. In addition, the carnival costumes can be a representation of local culture as an idea of creation. Implementation of a fashion carnival can encourage community creativity which ultimately increases public welfare.

Muhammad Iskandar, Sonson Nurusholih

Balong International Journal of Design • 2019

Character figures are vital elements in a narrative story, especially with the presence of the characters in the story. Without the presence of characters with strong characterizations, a story in a comic will not be interesting to be read. This research will focus on how to design a comic character using the morphological forced connection transformation method. The final result of the research is a form of comic characters with a combined form of humans and animals where the process of making these characters can be a foothold for illustrators who want to make a character of a kind. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive method, with data collection methods carried out through a variety of literature studies, as well as tracing documentation data. The Matrix Manga Theory from Hiroyoshi Tsukamoto was used to give personality figures, the fundamental theory of Human Drawing from Andrew Loomis as a foothold to make anatomy. The final results of the study will be (1) New characters combined figures of humans and animals (2) drawing method to create characters using the morphological forced connection method.

David J. Nagel, Alex E. Moser

Journal of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science • 2016

The rapid release of energy from Lattice Enabled (or Low Energy) Nuclear Reactions is of interest for three reasons. First, it constrains and challenges theories about the mechanism(s) active in producing LENR. Next, it might heavily influence the design of heat and electrical generators based on LENR, since they have to be safe for use by a wide variety of people. Finally, there has long been interest in whether or not LENR could be used to augment existing weapons or produce to entirely new weapons. This paper first reviews reports in the literature of meltdowns or explosions that might have been caused by LENR. Then, each of the three areas cited above is examined. It is clear that reported high energy or high power events will heavily impact theories about LENR and the development of safe products. It is unclear now if LENR will be weaponized in any form. Control of the initiation of explosive LENR events is obviously necessary for that possibility.

Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar, G. Janet Joshiba

Diffusion Foundations • 2019

The discovery of carbon nanotubes is one of the remarkable achievement in the field of material science and it is a great advancement of Nanotechnology. A carbon nanotube is an expedient material used in several domains and paves way for the welfare of humans in many ways. Carbon nanotubes are nanosized tubes made from graphitic carbons and it is well known for its exclusive physical and chemical properties. The market demand for the nanotubes has increased progressively due to its size dependent, structure and mechanical properties. The carbon nanotubes possess high tensile strength and it is also found to be the durable fibre ever known. It is also found to possess exceptional electrical properties. The carbon nanotube composites have an excellent young’s modulus and higher tensile strength same as graphite carbon. This review plots the properties of carbon nanotubes and portrays the planning and properties of carbon nanotube composites. The wide application of carbon nanotube composites is also explained.