Tao Li, Chenlu Li, Cheng Han et al.

Electroanalysis • 2024

Abstract The sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC) sensors using cathode as sensing element exhibited attractive prospects for online and in‐situ monitoring. However, the sensing performance of SMFC sensors to different types of contaminants was seldom reported. In this study, SMFCs were constructed in stimulated wetland to sense five types of contaminants, including oxidative heavy metals (Cu 2+ and Cr 6+ ), non‐oxidative heavy metals (Ni 2+ and Zn 2+ ), salt (NaCl), acid (HCl), and alkali (NaOH). The addition of Cu 2+ , Cr 6+ or H + triggered voltage peaks whereas the voltage dropped immediately following the addition of OH − . The addition of Ni 2+ and Zn 2+ did not trigger any obvious peaks. The NaCl solutions caused slight voltage peaks which were not increased with increasing concentrations. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) illustrated the reduction of Cu 2+ and Cr 6+ to elemental Cu and Cr 3+ on the cathodic surface, indicating the contaminants that promote or inhibit electron consumption on cathode would cause voltage peaks or drops. The addition of heavy metals, OH − and NaCl significantly increased Simpson's diversity whereas Cu 2+ , Cr 6+ and OH − significantly decreased the abundance of exoelectrogenic bacteria‐associated genera in the top‐layer soil. However, the influence of the contaminants on the abundance and diversity was attenuated in the middle and bottom layers, indicating that the exoelectrogenic bacteria could to some extent withstand these contaminants and guarantee the operation of the SMFC sensors.

Maheshi Somasiri, Tanusha Amandani, Charitha Basnayaka et al.

Energy Nexus • 2024

The use of novel and inexpensive catalysts as replacements for platinum is desirable. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that cost-effective metal oxide nanomaterials and the conductive polymer polyaniline (PANI) can be directly chemically synthesized on carbon microfiber electrodes to improve the performance of lake sediment inoculated MFCs. Nanomaterial of MnO2, MnO2/polyaniline (PANI), ZnO/NiO and ZnO/NiO/PANI attachments were directly chemically synthesized on the carbon material and used as cathode electrodes. The maximum power densities recorded for the different treatments were; MnO2 78.5 mW/m2, MnO2/PANI (Polyaniline) 141.6 mW/m2, ZnO/NiO 67.6 mW/m2, and ZnO/NiO/PANI 129.4 mW/m2. Current and power densities were more than six-fold higher in ZnO/NiO/PANI and MnO2/PANI nanoparticle modified cathodes compared to the control MFCs with no catalyst and more than 2.5 fold higher compared to Pt loaded conventional cathodes. In-excess of 50-fold reductions in catalyst application costs to obtain a unit amount of power was demonstrated with the novel nanomaterials direct deposition method when compared to traditional catalysts such as Pt. This study demonstrates that nanomaterials-incorporated carbon microfiber cathodes bring about significant enhancements to power densities and may potentially have applications in cost-effective MFCs.

Ahmad Zaeni, Prima Endang Susilowati, Alwahab Alwahab et al.

AIP conference proceedings • 2020

The study about the use of organic materials in marsh sediments of Kendari Bay in a Sediment Microbial fuel cell technology (SMFC) has been performed to produce electrical energy. SMFC is a technology to transform complex organic matter in the sediment become energy through a bioprocess of microbial metabolism. This research aims to know the characteristic on Kendari Bay sediments, to determine the performance of Kendari Bay sediment for SMFC, to determine the effect of surface area on electrode to SMFC performance, and to determine the change of substrate characteristic. The analysis shows that Kendari Bay sediment consist of 4.23% C, 1.08 % N and C/N ratio of 3.92. The SMFC with Kendari bay sediment, graphite rod electrode, and aerator as oxidation substance generated a maximum power voltage of 507 mV and 0.19 mA of electric current. Meanwhile, the generated power was 580 mV with 0.67 mA of electric current when a graphite sheet was used as electrode. The organic content in the Kendari Bay sediment after SMFC running increased to 4.06 %, with 0.97 % nitrogen and C/N ratio of 4.19.

Yubin Fu, Jiaqi Chen, Yan Chen et al.

Journal of Ocean University of China • 2022

Yicheng Wu, Quanxin Deng, Zejie Wang et al.

PubMed • 2016

To investigate the differences in microbial community of anodic biofilms under open and closed circuits, sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFCs) reactors connecting with a 5 kΩ external resistance and open circuit during the start-up period were operated individually. Anodic biofilms were collected and analyzed using Solexa high-throughput sequencing technology. A total of 3936 and 3930 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from the anodic biofilms under open and closed circuits, respectively. After 97% similarity merging, 1581 and 1551 OTUs were finally determined from open and close circuit biofilms, respectively. The analysis of α diversity showed that bacterial diversity of anodic biofilm under open circuit was higher than that under closed circuit. The dominant bacterial were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes for both open and closed circuits. They accounted for 59.79%, 12.54% and 9.02% under open circuit biofilm respectively; and these values were 63.02%, 10.01% and 3.60% in the closed circuit biofilm respectively, and Geobacter accounted for 16.55% in the closed circuit biofilm. The present study demonstrated that the electron transfer process during start-up period affected the microbial community structure of the anodic biofilms.

Syed Zaghum Abbas, Mohd Rafatullah, Norli Ismail et al.

Malaysian Journal of Microbiology • 2018

To study the performance of SMFC in the terms of power generation and toxic metals removal. This study was also focused on the characterization of SMFC electro-microbiology. Methodology and results: A SMFC was designed and loaded with sediment and overlying water. This SMFC was synchronized with wireless data logger acquisition system. The toxic metals removal capacity was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The characterization of SMFC bacteria was done by 16S rRNA. In this study the experiments were carried out in a dual-chamber SMFC with external resistances 30 k-50 . The SMFC was produced power about 630 mV with maximum power density 40 mW/m 2 and current density 250 mA/m 2 . After 120 days of operation, SMFC removed cadmium and copper about 22.6 and 150 mg/kg, respectively. The SMFC also showed high cadmium (86%) and copper (90%) removal at pH 7.0 and temperature 40 C. The most dominant bacterial community at anode and cathode was identified as Pseudomonas spp. which could be function as exoelectrogen.

Wahyu Rinaldi, Yunardi Yunardi, Muhammad Alfath

Materials Today Proceedings • 2022

This research aimed to study the effect of salt level on Brackish Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells (SMFCs) regarding the electrical energy generated. Sediments and solutions were taken from the brackish pond in Hutan Kota, Tibang, Banda Aceh City. Although several studies examining the effect of salt content in SMFCs have been carried out, salt usually was added gradually. Meanwhile, salt in this research was directly varied into specific amounts since the first day. The salt level was varied by adding traditional salt found on the local market into sediments and solutions in 0.0%, 1.0%, 2.5%, and 5.0% w/w. Spiral-shape stainless steel wires having 1.25 mm in diameter and 1.1 m in length were used as electrodes. The results showed that the addition of salt into the sediment produced higher electrical energy than the addition into the solution. The most significant electric power density generated by adding 1.0% salt into only the sediment was 18.621x10-3 W/m2. On the other hand, the highest electric power density generated by adding 1.0% salt into the solution was only 6.395x10-3 W/m2. Meanwhile, when salt was added into the sediment and solution simultaneously, the higher electric power density was 20.850x10-3 W/m2, which is found by adding 1.0% salt into the sediment and 2.5% into the solution.

Gamamada Liyanage Erandi Priyangika Perera, Morihiro Maeda, Hiroaki Somura et al.

Journal of Water and Environment Technology • 2023

Phosphorus (P) release from sediment caused eutrophication in Kojima Lake, Japan. The efficiency of iron-added sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) in regulating P release from agricultural drainage sediment was investigated in this study. Surface sediment collected from an agricultural drainage canal flowing into Kojima Lake was mixed with iron oxide (Fe2O3) or amorphous iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) at 50 mmol kg−1. A 14.6-cm high acrylic pipe was filled with 80 mL of deionized water after 130 g of sediment was placed. A 3 × 3 cm graphite felt was used for the anode in a dual chamber SMFC, while a carbon rod was used for the cathode. Three treatments: No Fe, Fe2O3, and FeOOH, were operated for 408 h under open or closed circuit conditions. Results showed that FeOOH addition lowered P release from sediment regardless of SMFC operational conditions, suggesting that higher P adsorption by FeOOH may mask the effect of SMFCs. Fe2O3 did not reduce total P concentration in the overlying water. In addition, electricity generation was not enhanced by Fe-added SMFCs. Although SMFCs increased sedimentary redox potential, P release was not suppressed by the SMFC operation, indicating that organic P would be released by SMFCs from P-rich sediment.

Nurfarhana Nabila Mohd Noor, Hee-Eun Woo, In-Cheol Lee et al.

Biomass and Bioenergy • 2025

Tianyu Zhao, Shaobin Huang, Yongqing Zhang et al.

Chemosphere • 2024

Narong Touch, Satoshi Yamaji, Kentaro Nagama et al.

The International Journal of Environmental Protection • 2018

It has been reported that solar cell-combined sediment microbial fuel cell (SC-SMFC) can be an alternative method for improving sediment and water quality. This study describes the employment of SC-SMFC for improving sediment and water quality in an oyster farm. The release of hydrogen sulfide from bottom sediment is one of the factors that cause the death of oysters which should be suppressed. At 3 months after the employment of SC-SMFC, bottom water (100 mm from the seafloor) and surface sediment (-100 mm from the seafloor) were collected and analyzed. The results showed decreases in hydrogen sulfide and phosphate concentrations in the sediment, indicating the improvement of sediment quality owing to the SC-SMFC application. In addition, the quality of bottom water was also improved owing to the SC-SMFC application. For example, the dissolved oxygen concentration and redox potential of the bottom water in the system-applied area remained higher comparing with those in the control area. These findings further strengthen that SC-SMFC is a highly effective method for suppressing the release of hydrogen sulfide and phosphate from sediment, which can protect water environment from hypoxia and eutrophication.

Narong Touch, Hiroki Takata, Satoshi Yamaji et al.

International Journal of Environmental Science and Development • 2018

Metal ion or clay mineral-adsorbed organic matter present in littoral sediment is known as hardly decomposed organic matter, which is difficult to use as a natural resource. This study is aimed at changing the organic matter characteristics of littoral sediment through the application of solar cell-combined sediment microbial fuel cell (SC-SMFC). The experimental results showed that the sediment pH decreases and the concentration of metal ions in the sediment pore water increases after the application of SC-SMFC. This suggests the dissociation of metal complexes in the sediment. From the analysis results of organic matter characteristics, variations in the ignition characteristics of the sediment and the absorbance at wave number ranges of 3300-3800 and 800-1800 cm -1 were confirmed, indicating changes in organic matter characteristics of the sediment. It can be concluded that SC-SMFC can separate organic matter from metal complexes, leading to the transformation of organic matter in sediment from valueless into a useful product.

Masaya Matsuki, Shusaku Hirakawa

Water Science & Technology • 2024

Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) represent a technology that can enhance sediment quality through processes such as nutrient suppression while simultaneously generating electricity from microorganisms. Despite its importance in elucidating the principles of nutrient suppression, the complex behavior of various ions within this context has been rarely explored. Herein, we applied an SMFC and systematically evaluated alterations in ion concentrations in interstitial and overlying waters. The SMFC deployment substantially decreased Na + concentrations and increased Cl - levels in the interstitial water. This intriguing phenomenon was attributed to reactions driven by the electrodes. These reactions induced remarkable shifts in pH. Consequently, this pH shift triggered the leaching of heavy metals, particularly Fe, and decreased HCO 3 - concentrations within the interstitial water, thereby inducing the migration of other ions, including Na + and Cl - , as compensation. Moreover, the PO 4 3- concentration in interstitial water showed an increasing trend upon SMFC application, which contradicts the results of several previous reports. This increase was primarily attributed to the release of PO 4 3- caused by the leaching of Fe salts, which was triggered by the pH shift. These findings provide new insights into sediment improvement research through SMFCs, enhancing our understanding of the fundamental principles and broadening the potential applications of this technology.

Qing Wu, Jieqiong Liu, Wenjun Mo et al.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research • 2023

International Journal of Renewable Energy Research • 2020

This study investigates the impact of cathode surface area on single chamber sediment-microbial fuel cell (S-MFC). A fixed graphite anode surface area of 0.000471m 2 has been used on four S-MFCs coupled with four carbon fiber cloth cathode electrodes with variation of surface area. Pond sediment has been used as the anode medium that inoculated with acetate as substrate to ramp up the amount of electrochemical-active bacteria (EAB). The S-MFCs has been operated and monitored for 120 hours using Arduino based data logger. The outcomes of this observation period have indicated the S-MFC with larger cathode surface area (0.01m 2 ) possess smaller internal resistance (123.96±2.68 I©) and thus performed significantly better than other S-MFC with the smaller cathode surface area, resulting with average voltage and current of 0.598±0.008V and 4.827±0.124mA respectively, where a maximum power density of 2.867mW with a coulombic efficiency of 64.63% was achieved. Successful performance increase suggests enlargement of the cathode area could be the alternative to reduce the internal resistance in traditional MFCs for electricity generation.

Xunan Yang, Shanshan Chen

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering • 2018

Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) are considered as a new technology in sediment remediation, while biochars can promote interspecies electron transfer in bioelectrochemical systems. We conducted the SMFCs amended with biochars to investigate their effects on of sediment characteristics. Results showed that the anode of SMFCs could oxidize the chemical oxidizable matter in sediments (by 4%-16%) correlating with the maximum power density (r=0.982, p<0.01) and then changed the chemical characteristics of the sediments. The reducible metal (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Zn) species increased after SMFCs performed, which might lead to releases of metals that bound to the oxidable fraction. On the other hand, the loosely-sorbed, redox-sensitive, and organic phosphorus decreased (1.6-13, 3.5-40, and 277-923 μg/g, respectively), as well as the refractory Al-phosphorus increased (2.8-58 μg/g), implied that the mobility of phosphorus was inhibited. As the high stable biochar, the ratio of recalcitrant carbon to total organic carbon did not change significantly in sediments while the ratio of recalcitrant nitrogen increased (2%-19%), suggesting that low quality of organic matter (C/N=24-32) were retained after remediation. The work took insight to sediment characteristic alternations under SMFC operation, which gave information on the element pool related to pollutants and the risk of the application of SMFCs.

Yolina Hubenova, Ivo Bardarov, Eleonora Hubenova et al.

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research • 2024

In this study, Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells (SMFCs) prototypes have been developed to operate under open-air conditions and power sensors for environmental monitoring. Two SMFCs with a volume of 50 l each, consisting of two types of anodic materials – graphite and coke, were operated on-field for over a year. The electrical outputs have been recorded and compared with the measured environmental parameters such as temperature, light illumination, atmospheric pressure, humidity, etc. The statistical analysis of the obtained data shows that temperature changes between 0 and 14 °C do not affect the power achieved. On the contrary, the sunlight irradiation showed a second-order polynomial correlation with the current generated by the SMFCs, increasing the latter during the days. The cathode reactions significantly impacted the power density achieved by both explored SMFCs and the system's sustainability. The metallurgical coke is suggested to be used as an inexpensive and convenient anode material for SMFCs giving compatible results to the widely used graphite. • Outdoor Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells prototypes are developed. • Equipped with power management system they supply environmental sensors. • Correlation between environmental sensors and electrical outputs are established. • Sunlight irradiation has a second-order polynomial correlation with the current. • Metallurgical coke can be used as anode material for SMFC instead of graphite.

Jeetendra Prasad, Ramesh Kumar Tripathi

2018 8th IEEE India International Conference on Power Electronics (IICPE) • 2018

Sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC) is a bio-electrochemical device which produces the pollution-free energy. SMFC generates low voltage with fluctuation between 0.982 V to 1.16 V of 60 days of the experiment. This voltage is not suitable to power the electronic device. So an ultra-low voltage DC-DC boost converter is proposed to regulated and step up the output voltage of SMFC. Performance of the boost converter is verified through simulation and experimental results. Single SMFC discharges in 30 sec by connecting the boost converter and gain maximum voltage in 210 sec after disconnecting the boost converter. Further, a scheme proposed for continuous energy harvesting from sediment microbial fuel cell in which eight parallel connected SMFCs provide an input voltage to boost converter one by one. It is noticed that the energy harvester DC-DC boost converter provides a continuous 2.56 V with the efficiency of 85.46%. The boost converter works well up to the voltage of 20 mV so this converter is appropriate for the SMFC energy harvesting. The proposed scheme is able to produce a suitable voltage for a small electronic device which needs a continuous power supply.

Nancy González-Gamboa, Raúl Tapia‐Tussell, Sathish‐Kumar Kamaraj et al.

Waste and Biomass Valorization • 2020

Nurfarhana Nabila Mohd Noor, Kyunghoi Kim

Renewable Energy • 2025

Zahraa Salem Aswad, Ahmed Hassoon Ali, Nadia Matter Al-Mhana

Desalination and Water Treatment • 2020

Nurfarhana Nabila Mohd Noor, Rashida Misali, Minseong Kim et al.

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers • 2024

Arup Kumar Dutta, Lepakshi Barbora, Д. И. Стом et al.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews • 2025

C. Li, Xiaofang Li, Tao Li et al.

Journal of Cleaner Production • 2024

Nurfarhana Nabila Mohd Noor, Rashida Misali, Kyunghoi Kim

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy • 2024

Xuanyi Zhu, Kangnan Liu, Zhenghui Qiu et al.

Journal of environmental chemical engineering • 2024

Pan Yao, Shanfa Tang, Wen Ren et al.

Energies • 2023

Sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC) is a type of MFC without a proton exchange membrane. However, SMFC have had problems with low-power production performance. In this paper, the effects of native bacteria (K1) in oily sludge and their electro-oil-induced domestication on the power generation and oil removal performance of SMFC were studied. The results showed that K1 belonged to Ochrobactrum intermedium. During the domestication process, an upward trend was shown in the OD600 and ORP values in the culture medium, and it grown best at 0.7 V. Ochrobactrum intermedium K1 significantly increased the average output voltage, electromotive force, and maximum power density of SMFC and reduced the apparent internal resistance of the battery. The maximum power density was 169.43 mW/m3, which was 8.59 times higher than that of the control group. Ochrobactrum intermedium K1 improved the degradation of crude oil by SMFC. Ochrobactrum intermedium K1 enhanced the degradation of high-carbon alkanes and even-carbon alkanes in n-alkanes. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry tests showed that after acclimation, Ochrobactrum intermedium K1 improved the extracellular electron transfer efficiency (EET) mediated by c-Cyts and flavin by increasing the surface protein redox potential.

Wahyu Rinaldi, Abubakar Abubakar, Rauzatur Rahmi et al.

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering • 2018

This research aimed to measure power density generated by sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) by varying anode position and wastewater concentration. Anode position was varied at 2 cm and 4 cm under the surface of sediment, while wastewater concentration varied into 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The electrodes employed was stainless steel mesh, while the organic subtrate source was taken from wastewater of soybean washing and boiling process. The sediment was taken from the Lamnyong River around the outlet of tofu industry wastewater. SMFCs was run until the power density was relatively small. The produced electricity represented in power density. The results of this research showed that power density was decreased over time. Generated power density by varying 2 cm and 4 cm position of anode under the sediment surface was not significantly different, while the lowest wastewater concentration, 25%, gave the highest power density.

Nikita Emalya, Tarmizi Tarmizi, Suhendrayatna Suhendrayatna et al.

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering • 2024

The fundamental objective of this investigation is to explore the utilization of sediment and leachate waste as substrates within the framework of a sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC) reactor. This study's sediment and leachate materials were sourced from the Aceh regional landfill in Blang Bintang, Aceh Besar, Indonesia. The experiment entailed the operation of a trio of reactors in batch mode, manipulating electrode counts. Daily electrochemical measurements employed an Arduino-based open-source microcontroller, while bioremediation assessment of the leachate was performed bi-daily using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer. Morphological transformations of the anode surface pre- and post-experimentation were elucidated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the bacterial consortium forming the anode biofilm was scrutinised using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Consequently, escalating electrode counts exhibited favourable implications for electricity generation. Peak voltages recorded for the SMFC-LL1, SMFC-LL2, and SMFC-LL3 reactors reached 503 mV, 541 mV, and 583 mV, respectively. Conversely, the presence of multiple electrodes yielded no statistically significant disparity in leachate bioremediation efficiency. After a 35-day experimental period, COD concentrations for SMFC-LL1, SMFC-LL2, and SMFC-LL3 samples were measured at 961 mg/L, 888 mg/L, and 895 mg/L, respectively, down from the initial 1368 mg/L. The initial leachate ammonia concentration of 353.6 mg/L underwent reduction to 0.1 mg/L, 0.13 mg/L, and 0.25 mg/L. Nitrate levels dropped from 2.7 mg/L to 1.1 mg/L, 1 mg/L, and 0.95 mg/L, while nitrite concentrations diminished from 17.1 mg/L to 1.15 mg/L, 1.2 mg/L, and 1.15 mg/L for SMFC-LL1, SMFC-LL2, and SMFC-LL3 reactors, respectively. Additionally, robust biofilm formation was observed on the anode surface, predominantly comprised of Proteobacteria phylum members. The 16S rRNA gene analysis of hypervariable regions V1–V9 revealed prevailing bacterial taxa as Thiobacillus, Zeimonas, Thioalkalivibrio, Syntrophobacterium, Luteimonas, Capillibacterium, Acetivibrio, and Steroidobacter.

Carlos Sánchez, Paolo Dessì, Maeve Duffy et al.

Journal of Power Sources • 2022

This study examines the use of open circuit (OC) auxiliary electrodes to monitor changes on the bulk potential in a sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC). This complements the cell voltage and electrode potential measurement obtained in closed circuit (CC), helping to understand the limitations of the system and facilitating its optimization. Duplicate SMFCs were equipped with electrode grids containing integrated CC and OC electrodes. Current densities up to 20 mA/m2 were obtained with the CC electrode pairs. The OC auxiliary electrodes showed a stable bulk potential around 0.7 V with cathode and anode potentials at 0.5 and −0.2 V vs SHE, respectively. A clear correlation between OC and CC potential was observed, which allowed to identify technical problems (such as oxygen intrusion to the anode or faulty electrode connections) and detect the causes of power limitation without disconnecting the CC electrodes. Thus, OC auxiliary electrodes are useful to optimize SMFC installation and facilitate troubleshooting, particularly in environments with variable bulk potentials such as intertidal zones.

Saba Ghasemi, Reza Gheshlaghi, Mahmood Akhavan Mahdavi et al.

Fuel • 2024

Peng Xu, Enrong Xiao, Dan Xu et al.

PLoS ONE • 2017

Sediment internal nitrogen release is a significant pollution source in the overlying water of aquatic ecosystems. This study aims to remove internal nitrogen in sediment-water microcosms by coupling sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) with submerged aquatic plants. Twelve tanks including four treatments in triplicates were designed: open-circuit (SMFC-o), closed-circuit (SMFC-c), aquatic plants with open-circuit (P-SMFC-o) and aquatic plants with closed-circuit (P-SMFC-c). The changes in the bio-electrochemical characteristics of the nitrogen levels in overlying water, pore water, sediments, and aquatic plants were documented to explain the migration and transformation pathways of internal nitrogen. The results showed that both electrogenesis and aquatic plants could facilitate the mineralization of organic nitrogen in sediments. In SMFC, electrogenesis promoted the release of ammonium from the pore water, followed by the accumulation of ammonium and nitrate in the overlying water. The increased redox potential of sediments due to electrogenesis also contributed to higher levels of nitrate in overlying water when nitrification in pore water was facilitated and denitrification at the sediment-water interface was inhibited. When the aquatic plants were introduced into the closed-circuit SMFC, the internal ammonium assimilation by aquatic plants was advanced by electrogenesis; nitrification in pore water and denitrification in sediments were also promoted. These processes might result in the maximum decrease of internal nitrogen with low nitrogen levels in the overlying water despite the lower power production. The P-SMFC-c reduced 8.1%, 16.2%, 24.7%, and 25.3% of internal total nitrogen compared to SMFC-o on the 55th, 82th, 136th, and 190th days, respectively. The smaller number of Nitrospira and the larger number of Bacillus and Pseudomonas on the anodes via high throughput sequencing may account for strong mineralization and denitrification in the sediments under closed-circuit. The coupled P-SMFC system has shown good potential for the efficient removal of internal nitrogen.

Yoo Seok Lee, Junyeong An, Byung Chul Kim et al.

Energy Technology • 2017

Abstract Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) are installed in natural water systems for the on‐site power source of aquatic devices; however, the power generated from single unit is not enough to operate certain devices. To overcome this drawback, the series connection of SMFCs is indispensable. We describe a dipole‐electrode‐containing stacked SMFC system operated in series connection mode. Two SMFC units were fabricated, which produced maximum current densities of 492 and 302 mA m −2 , respectively. They were connected in series and operated at 1.45 V, which is close to the sum of the individual voltages. Even though voltage reversal inevitably occurred in the connected mode, it was suppressed by adjusting the internal resistance of each SMFC to be very close within a few Ω. We achieved a maximum power density at a high voltage over 123 mW m −2 at 0.6 V and enhanced the available maximum current density (i.e., no voltage reversal) by 269 to 320 mA m −2 . We have developed a serially connectable SMFC system with an improved maximum power at a higher voltage than that of a single SMFC and we suggest a method for voltage reversal control for the further test of multistacked SMFCs.

Mahla Rahdar, Reza Gheshlaghi, Mahmood Akhavan Mahdavi et al.

Fuel • 2023

Jeetendra Prasad, Ramesh Kumar Tripathi

International Journal of ChemTech Research • 2018

The consumption rate of energy around the world is rising on each successive day. In this result, Non-renewable sources of energy are ended at a fast rate. Sediment Microbial fuel cell (SMFC) aimed to deliver opportunities to generate pollution-free, cost-effective sustainable energy from sediment. The potential generated by the SMFC, microbes existing in the sediment. In this research, test the different electrode material in SMFC and here find the zinc and copper is the best material for SMFC which generate the maximum voltage across the electrode. Here maximum generated voltage and current of SMFC for steady state operating condition, with a copper anode and zinc cathode were 1.160V and 0.301mA and maximum power was 3.491mW. SMFC is gifted for long-term operation, sustainable low-cost green electricity harvest and stable power generation. SMFC can be used as a renewable power source as a remote environmental monitoring.

Shu-Hui Liu, Chu-Yuan Yang, Chi‐Wen Lin et al.

Journal of Water Process Engineering • 2022

Nancy González-Gamboa, David Valdés-Lozano, Luis Felipe Barahona-Pérez et al.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research • 2017

Jeetendra Prasad, Ramesh Kumar Tripathi

2017 14th IEEE India Council International Conference (INDICON) • 2017

Sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC) is a bio-electrochemical device which generates green electricity from microbes. SMFC are projected to be employed as a sustainable power source for led lighting and remote environmental observing. To understand the performance of SMFC, experiment performs for one month. Single SMFC has low voltage and current level which is unable to drive electronic devices. To increase power generation from SMFC, eight individual SMFC are connected together either in series or in hybrid connection. Two combinations of this SMFC, hybrid connection, are proving to be the more effective one, step-up both the voltage and current level, mutually. Polarization curve and behavior of voltage generation experiments are done for series and hybrid connected SMFC. The power density is obtained 1.111mW/m 2 at 435.25 μ A from series and 1.309mW/m 2 at 870.75μ A in hybrid connected SMFC. This study suggests that maximized the power production of SMFC by connecting series and hybrid for practical use of the device.

Narong Touch, Satoshi Yamaji, Hiroki Takata et al.

The International Journal of Environmental Protection • 2017

Weiping Sima, Ruixiang Ma, Feixian Yin et al.

Water Science & Technology • 2020

It has been proved that the nitrogen can be removed from the sediment in a sediment microbial fuel cell system (SMFCs), but the competition between nitrate and oxygen for electrons would be a key factor that would affect the removal efficiency, and its mechanism is not clear. Based on organic sediment fuel, an SMFC was constructed, and the influence of dissolved oxygen (DO) on nitrogen transformation and cathodic microbial communities was investigated. The results showed that the best total nitrogen removal efficiency of 60.55% was achieved at DO level of 3 mg/L. High DO concentration affected the removal efficiency through the electrons' competition with nitrate, while low DO concentration suppressed the nitrification. Comamonas, Diaphorobacter and Brevundimonas were the three dominant genera responsible for denitrification at DO concentration of 3 mg/L in this study. The establishment of SMFCs for nitrogen removal by regulating DO level would offer a promising method for sediment treatment.